Ancient City Ruins of Nan Village

The Ancient City Ruins of Nan Village are located in Nan Village, Yukou Town, Fangshan County. They are about 3,500 meters long from north to south, and 2,500 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of about 9 million square meters. As recorded in History of Wei of the Northern Dynasties, Tong Dian (collection of political documents), and the Chronicles of Fenzhou Prefecture published under the reign of Emperor Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, this ancient city was first built in the Warring States Period and called "Gaolang City". During the Qin and Han dynasties, Gaolang County was set up. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, South Capital of the Xiongnu was set up here, from which time it was called "Zuoguo City". During the Sixteen Kingdoms Period, Liu Yuan raised an army to rebel against the ruling of Jin Dynasty and established a capital here. The city ruins are high in the east and low in the west, and the plane is in an irregular shape due to the terrain. It consists of two parts that are left from different historical periods. The first part is the ruins of Gaolang City from the Warring States Period, of which the plane is in a trapezoidal shape, with an east-west length of about 504-600 meters, a north-south width of about 127 meters, a base width of about 13.7 meters, a top width of about 6 meters, and a residual height of 1.5-7.2 meters. Its rammed wall comprises 0.09-0.10 meters thick rammed layers. The location of the city gate is unknown. The second part is the ruins of Gaolang County from the Han Dynasty and the ruins of Zuoguo City from the Western Jin Dynasty. This part is divided into inner, outer and east cities. The inner city was derived from Gaolang City of the Warring States Period, and the outer city was built on a trumpet-shaped plane, with an east-west length of 594-720 meters, and a north-south width of 206-570 meters, and the rammed layer thickness is 0.04-0.12 meters. There are repair marks on the upper part of the city wall, where the maximum thickness of the rammed layer is about 0.16 meters. There is a protruding rampart outside the south wall, and a breach in the south of the east wall, which should be the city gate. The east city is actually a combination of several defensive walls built outside the outer city, and there are one city wall and two protruding ramparts to the north of its north wall. Its east wall is parallel to two city walls in the east, and three arc-shaped baffle walls are located to the north of the outermost wall. In the ruins, there are fragments of Li pots, urns, jars, semicircle-shaped tiles, pan-roofing tiles and copper arrowheads, which were left from the Warring States Period; pottery pots, jars, basins, and remnants of semicircle-shaped tiles and pan-roofing tiles with rope figure on the exterior and woven design on the interior, which are left from the Han and Jin dynasties. The ruins were selected into the sixth batch of national key cultural relic protection units by the State Council in 2006.